Animal and poultry physiology
Abolfazl Salehizadeh; M. Khodaei Motlagh; Iman Hajkhodadadi; Koorosh Gholmi
Abstract
Investigation of the effect of different water intake conditions on the performance, egg quality traits, and accumulation of uric acid in the kidney of commercial laying Bovans strain in mid production phase, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Experiments performed with 288 ...
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Investigation of the effect of different water intake conditions on the performance, egg quality traits, and accumulation of uric acid in the kidney of commercial laying Bovans strain in mid production phase, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Experiments performed with 288 laying hens of Bovans hens including 4 treatments and 6 replications (12 hens per replication). All diets based on corn - soybean and metabolizable energy and protein levels were same . Experimental treatments include: 1) 3 nipples with regulated pressure with regulator, 2) 2 nipples with regulated pressure with regulator, 3) 3 nipples with pressure regulated with flash tank and 4) 2 nipples with pressure regulated with flash tank. Also, there was no significant difference between the treatment and the effect of the period in the parameters of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio and egg weight component and egg mass produced (P> 0.05). Regarding histological results, no significant effect was seen between experimental treatments on histological parameters including glomerular diameter, number of glomeruli, number of proximal tubes, number of distal tubes, number of tubes collecting ducts (P> 0.05). Also, parameters related to blood glucose and HDL- cholesterol levels as well as the amount of alanine aminotransferase were not affected by experimental treatments and were not significant (P> 0.05). Therefore, with respect to improving the quality of shell weight, a significant reduction in cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and heterophilic to lymphocyte ratio, the use of three nipples with regulated pressure is recommended.
Maryam Hosseini; Mahdi Khodaei -Motlagh; Mehdi Mirzaei
Abstract
. Forty eight 10-d old Farahani neonatal lambs (6.8 ± 1.8 kg of body weight) were allocated (n = 12 lambs per treatment; 6 males and 6 females) in a randomized completely block design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement including the factors of alfalfa hay (AH) supplementation level (low, 10%; ...
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. Forty eight 10-d old Farahani neonatal lambs (6.8 ± 1.8 kg of body weight) were allocated (n = 12 lambs per treatment; 6 males and 6 females) in a randomized completely block design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement including the factors of alfalfa hay (AH) supplementation level (low, 10%; or high, 30% on DM basis) and grain source (corn vs. barley). Hence, treatments were: (1) barley grain (BG) with 10 % of AH; (2) BG with 30 % of AH; (3) corn grain (CG) with 10 % of AH; and (4) CG with 30 % of AH. All lambs had ad libitum access to water and starter feed throughout the experiment. Further, no interaction was detected between forage supplementation level and grain source for starter intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency. Lambs fed low level of AH had greater betahydroxy butyrate (BHB) concentration in serum on d 30 and 60 of the study (P < 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). Lambs received barley-based starters had greater blood urea nitrogen concentrations than corn-based diets on d 60 of the study. Treatments had no effect on skeletal growth characteristics of sucking lambs on d 30 and 60, however, high level of AH supplementation decreased (P < 0.01) hip width compared with low AH inclusion. In general, results showed that AH supplementation at high level could decrease growth performance; however, grain source had no effect on suckling lambs performance.
iman hajkhodadadi; Hossein Ali Ghasemi; mahdi kazemi; mahdi khodaee motlagh
Abstract
The effects of enzyme and age of ostrich were evaluated on performance and nutrient digestibility in African ostrich chicks. There were two treatments as follows; common or control diet without enzyme (Treatment 1), control diet plus multi enzyme (0.5 gkg -1) (Treatment 2). The experiment conducted with ...
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The effects of enzyme and age of ostrich were evaluated on performance and nutrient digestibility in African ostrich chicks. There were two treatments as follows; common or control diet without enzyme (Treatment 1), control diet plus multi enzyme (0.5 gkg -1) (Treatment 2). The experiment conducted with 16 male ostrich chicks (8 birds per treatment) and completely randomized design was used in this experiment. Performance traits were initial weight, average daily gain and final body weight. The diets and feces composition such as dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was determined based on AOAC methods in 10 and 12 month age of ostrich. Acid insoluble ash (AIA) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were measured in feed and feces as internal marker. There was significant effect of enzyme was detected on performance traits, feed intake, dry matter intake parameters (P>0.05). With increasing age of ostrich from 10 to 12 month, digestibility of DM, CF, NDF and NFC were increased. Enzyme in diet could not significantly increased the digestibility of Crude fat (EE) and NFE (69.79 % vs. 74.31 % for CP and 67.25% vs. 71.55 % for NFE. Generally, the use of Enzyme (0.5 g/kg) in diet was particularly effective to improve performance traits and nutrient digestibility, especially DM, OM, CP, CF, NDF, ADF and NFC in growing ostrich chicks.
Mehdi Moosavi; M. Khodaee; Mehdi Kazemi; Mehdi poorhamdollah
Abstract
Eighty multiparous lactating dairy cows averaging days in milk 35-d were allocated in two separate experimental diet (Glucogenic vs. Lipogenic) in a changeover design. The performance, blood metabolites, liver enzymes and insulin were evaluated. The study lasted 44 days in two 22 days periods with the ...
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Eighty multiparous lactating dairy cows averaging days in milk 35-d were allocated in two separate experimental diet (Glucogenic vs. Lipogenic) in a changeover design. The performance, blood metabolites, liver enzymes and insulin were evaluated. The study lasted 44 days in two 22 days periods with the first 17 d as adaptation period and the last 5 days as sample collection period. The results show that neither dry matter intake nor milk yield were affected with treatments (P > 0.05). However, the cows received the lipogenic diet showed to have greater milk fat content, and cows received glucogenic diet showed to have greater milk protein content. Regarding the blood metabolites results show that blood glucose was tended to be greater in glucogenic diet (P = 0.08). Howevere triglyceride and blood urea concentrations were constant between two treatments. The concentrations for BHB (P = 0.04) as well as cholesterol (P= 0.05) were increased in lipogenic diet fed dairy cows. The insulin concentration was increased significantly in lipogenic diet fed cows (P = 0.02). The results show that regardless the improvement in glucose as well as BHB concentration in blood of dairy cows fed with glucogenic diet, howevere fat corrected milk as well as milk energy output were improved for lipogenic diet. In addition increased insulin and cholesterol in dairy cows fed higher fat content has potential to improve dairy cow’s fertility. In conclusion based on our results the lipogenic diet may be recommendable for dairy cows fed high RUP level.
M. Khodaei Motlagh; Mehdi Kazemi; Mohhamad Hosein Moradi; Mehdi Hosein Yazdi
Abstract
The aim of this study was investigated the effect of synchronization with different PMSG dosages and time of hormone injection and its effect on changes in steroid hormones (E2 and P4) in Farahani ewes breed. Seventy Farahani ewes used in this study. Treatment included: T1: injection of 400 IU PMSG 24h ...
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The aim of this study was investigated the effect of synchronization with different PMSG dosages and time of hormone injection and its effect on changes in steroid hormones (E2 and P4) in Farahani ewes breed. Seventy Farahani ewes used in this study. Treatment included: T1: injection of 400 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T2: injection of 500 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T3: injection of 600 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T4: injection of 400 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, T5: injection of 500 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, T6: injection of 600 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, Control: no injection in CIDR removal time. After withdrawal CIDR, estrous percentage, pregnancy rate and parturition assessed. The results of this experiment showed that the conception rate was similar in all groups and there was no significant effect in lamb weight among all treatments. The number of lamb per ewe was significant between T2 and others groups (P˂0.05). The progesterone levels were significantly (p < 0.01) increased from day 0 to day 50. Higher progesterone levels were recorded in all groups of ewes and non-significant between groups. In general, administration 500 IU of PMSG 24 hours before CIDR removal improved estrous percentage, pregnancy rate and parturition in ewes.Keywords: Estrous synchronization, PMSG, Steroid, Ewe
Mehdi Mirzaei; Mehdi Kazemi-Bonchenari; Mehdi Khodaei-Motlagh; Hosein Moradi; Yadollah Moharrami
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of grain sources on growth performance, blood parameters and ruminal fermentation in Holstein fattening bulls. For this purpose, eighteen growing Holstein bulls (245 ± 11 d) with an initial BW of 328.4±17.7 were assigned to experimental ...
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of grain sources on growth performance, blood parameters and ruminal fermentation in Holstein fattening bulls. For this purpose, eighteen growing Holstein bulls (245 ± 11 d) with an initial BW of 328.4±17.7 were assigned to experimental diets in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of barley or corn based diets (100 % barley or corn as the source of grain). Results indicated that dry matter intake (DMI) tended (P = 0.06) to be greater in calves fed corn than those fed barley. Calves fed with corn grain had greater average daily gain (ADG) than those received barley during the first period (d 1 to 28); however, treatments had no effect on ADG in the second period (d 29 to 56). Blood metabolites including glucose, beta-hydroxy butyrate, albumin, total protein and urea nitrogen were not affected by treatments, however, substituting barley with corn decreased aspartate amino transferase in both periods (P = 0.01 and P = 0.05, respectively). Ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acids concentrations were similar between treatments, however, in calves fed with corn grain the molar proportion of acetate (P = 0.03) and acetate to propionate ratio (P = 0.04) increased and the molar proportion of propionate decreased in comparison with calves fed barley. These results, demonstrated that corn grain could be a promising substitution for barley grain in fattening bull's diets with high concentrate level and finely ground grains.
Atefeh Khavari; Mahdi Khodaei; HamidReza Momeni
Abstract
The sperm used in the current study was collected from the testis epidydim of slaughtered Farahani's ram and divided to four groups. There are 106 sperms in each sample. The experimental treatments included sperm at 0 hour, sperm at 180 minutes (control), sperm treated with cadmium chloride (10μM) ...
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The sperm used in the current study was collected from the testis epidydim of slaughtered Farahani's ram and divided to four groups. There are 106 sperms in each sample. The experimental treatments included sperm at 0 hour, sperm at 180 minutes (control), sperm treated with cadmium chloride (10μM) for 180 minutes and sperm treated with silymarin (5 μM) and cadmium chloride (10 μM) for 180 minutes. Diff-Quick staining was used to investigate the apoptosis morphological features in sperm nucleus. Also, acridine orange staining and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test were used for estimation of sperm DNA fragmentation. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Comparison of treatment means was done by Tukey's test at 0.05 confidence level.In this research, the sperm nucleus diameter was significantly (P< 0.05) decreased in cadmium chloride-treated group when compared with control. The utilization of silymarin with cadmium chloride could compensate significantly the reduction in sperm nucleus diameter in cadmium chloride- treated group. The results also showed that the DNA fragmentation percentage was significantly increased in cadmium chloride- treated group in comparison to control (P<0.001) and silymarin with cadmium chloride-treated group (P< 0.01). Silymarin as a potent antioxidant can inhibit the detrimental effect of cadmium chloride on ram sperm nucleus diameter and DNA integrity.
T. Rezaei; M. Khodaei motlagh; M. Kazemi
Abstract
The 15 Holstein bull calves averaging 10.3 months age (± 0.8)and 284.6 kg BW (± 33.2) were allocated in a completely randomized design (5 bull calves per treatment) to investigate the effect of organic zinc supplement(Zn-Gly) on feed intake, growth, blood metabolites and testosterone and ...
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The 15 Holstein bull calves averaging 10.3 months age (± 0.8)and 284.6 kg BW (± 33.2) were allocated in a completely randomized design (5 bull calves per treatment) to investigate the effect of organic zinc supplement(Zn-Gly) on feed intake, growth, blood metabolites and testosterone and testicular development. Three treatments were dietary feeding of 0 (control), 250 or500 mg Zn-Glyper day, respectively. The study lasted 135 days. Feed intake, growth performance, testes development and blood metabolites were determined. The feed intake and growth performance of the animals were not affected by the treatments(p > 0.05).Average scrotal circumference of calves received zinc-Gly supplements was higher compared to the control group(p<0.05) and testicles width was tended to increase (P=0.08). Blood parameters, except testosterone and alanine amino transferase, were the same among the treatments (P>0.05).With increasing daily feeding of organic Zn, thetestosterone concentration increased, and ALT enzyme decreased. Based on the obtained results, although organic zinc supplementation had no effects on feed intake and growth performance of bull calves, fertility parameters were affected positively through increased testosterone and testicular growth.
